Angiosperm systematic hierarchy
Angiosperm taxa represented in our archive
Our flowering plant species photographs on Flickr can be accessed via the taxonomic hierarchy and alphabetical lists below.
Our flowering plant species photographs on Flickr can be accessed via the taxonomic hierarchy and alphabetical lists below.
Taxonomic hierarchy
"BASAL FAMILIES"
Amborellales
Amborellaceae
Nymphaeales
Nymphaeaceae (includes Barclayaceae, Cabombaceae)
Austrobaileyales
Schisandraceae
MAGNOLIID COMPLEX
Degeneriaceae
Laurales
Calycanthaceae
Hernandiaceae
Monimiaceae
Siparunaceae
Canellales
Winteraceae
Canellaceae
Piperales
Saururaceae
Lactoridaceae
Hydnoraceae
TWO CLADES OF UNCERTAIN POSITION
Chloranthaceae
Ceratophyllaceae
"MONOCOTS"
Acorales
Acoraceae
Araceae (includes Lemnaceae)
Arum,
Arisaema,
Caladium,
Calla,
Colocasia,
Dieffenbachia,
Eurospatha,
Lemna,
Lysichiton,
Philodendron,
Scindapsus,
Spathiphyllum
Alismataceae (includes Limnocharitaceae)
Hydrocharitaceae (includes Najadaceae)
Cymodoceaceae
Posidoniaceae
Tofieldiaceae
Zannichelliaceae
Zosteraceae
Allium,
Amaryllis,
Cardiocrinum,
Hyacinthoides,
Lilium,
Liriope,
Narthecium,
Smilax,
Tricyrtis,
Trillium,
Tulipa,
Zephyranthes
Nartheciales
Narthecium
Ruscaceae (includes Covallariaceae, Nolinaceae, Dracaeneaceae)
Ancipita,
Calanthe,
Cymbidium,
Dactylorhiza,
Dracontia,
Dracula,
Gongora,
Gymnadenia,
Lepanthes,
Listera,
Lockhartia,
Lycaste,
Masdevallia,
Maxillaria,
Phragmipedium,
Prosthechea,
Rossioglossum,
Scaphosepalum,
Stellis,
Unciferia
Agapanthaceae
Hemerocallidaceae (includes Phormiaceae, Johnsoniaceae)
Hypoxidaceae
Themidaceae
Xanthorrhoeaceae
Dioscoreales
Burmanniaceae
Taccaceae
COMMELINOID CLADE
Arecaceae (Palmae in Heywood)
Adonidia,
Bactris,
Borassus,
Caryota,
Chamaedorea,
Cocos,
Corypha,
Elaeis,
Hyphaene,
Licuala,
Nypa,
Roystonea,
Socratea,
Welfia
Commelinales
Philydraceae
Typhaceae (includes Sparganiaceae)
Eriocaulaceae
Xyridaceae
Restionaceae
Alopecuris,
Ammophila,
Anthoxanthum,
Bambusa,
Briza,
Chusquea,
Cortyderia,
Cynosurus,
Dactylis,
Dendrocalamus,
Deschampsia,
Hakonechloa,
Holcus,
Hordeum,
Oriza,
Oxytenanthera,
Pennisetum,
Phalaris,
Phragmites,
Phyllostachys,
Spinifex,
Triticum
Flagellariaceae
Joinvilleaceae
Mayacaceae
EUDICOTS (TRICOLPATES)
"BASAL TRICOLPATES"
Menispermaceae
Papaveraceae (includes Fumariaceae)
Proteales ("basal tricolpates")
Platanaceae
Other "basal tricolpates"
Trochodendraceae (includes Tetracentraceae)
"CORE EUDICOTS (CORE TRICOLPATES)"
CARYOPHYLLID CLADE
Amaranthaceae (includes Chenopodiaceae)
Cleistocactus,
Echinocactus,
Echinopsis,
Ferocactus,
Opuntia,
Mammillaria,
Melocactus,
Parodia,
Pilosocereus,
Rhipsalis
Petiveriaceae
Simmondsiaceae
Polygonales
OTHER CORE EUDICOTS
Santalales
Loranthaceae
Viscaceae
"Olacaceae"
"Santalaceae"
Misodendraceae
Opiliaceae
Schoepfiaceae
ROSID CLADE
Altingiaceae
Iteaceae
Paeoniaceae
Vitales
Leeaceae
EUROSIDS I
Zygophyllales
Krameriaceae
Oxalidales
Cephalotaceae
Cunoniaceae
Celastrales
Celastraceae (includes Hippocrateaceae)
Parnassiaceae
Malpighiales
Euphorbiaceae
Salicaceae (includes Flacourtiaceae, in part)
Achariaceae
Chrysobalanaceae
Picrodendraceae
Podostemaceae
Putranjivaceae
Abrus,
Acacia,
Amherstia,
Anthyllis,
Bauhinia,
Calliandra,
Cassia,
Clitoria,
Crotallaria,
Cytisus,
Delonix,
Erythrina,
Lathyrus,
Lespedeza,
Leucaena,
Lotus,
Lupinus,
Medicago,
Melilotus,
Mimosa,
Ononis,
Robinia,
Samanea,
Saraca,
Senna,
Trifolium,
Ulex,
Vicia
Surianaceae
Acaena,
Alchemilla,
Aruncus,
Chaenomeles,
Cotoneaster,
Crataegus,
Filipendula,
Fragaria,
Geum,
Malus,
Potentilla,
Prunus,
Pyracantha,
Pyrus,
Rosa,
Rubus,
Sorbus,
Spiraea
Celtidaceae
Humulus
Cucurbitales
Datiscaceae
Fagales
Casuarinaceae
Myricaceae
Nothofagaceae
Rhoipteleaceae
Ticodendraceae
Myrtales (placement uncertain; either in Eurosids I or II)
Lythraceae (includes Sonneratiaceae, Trapaceae, Punicaceae)
Memecyclaceae
Vochysiaceae
EUROSIDS II
Brassicales
Brassicaceae (includes Capparaceae)
Alliaria,
Alyssum,
Aurinia,
Brassica,
Cakile,
Capsella,
Cardamine,
Cleome,
Cochlearia,
Hesperis,
Isatis,
Lunaria,
Nasturtium,
Sisymbrium,
Teesdalia
Bataceae
Moringaceae
Resedaceae
Abelmoschus,
Abutilon,
Adansonia,
Alcea,
Artocarpus,
Ceiba,
Guazuma,
Helicteres,
Hibiscus,
Lavatera,
Malva,
Pachira,
Pavonia,
Sida,
Theobroma,
Tilia
Cistaceae
Simaroubaceae
Anacardiaceae (includes Julianaceae)
Burseraceae
ASTERID CLADE (=SYMPETALAE)
Cornales
Cornaceae (includes Nyssaceae)
Loasaceae
Ericaceae (includes Pyrolaceae, Monotropaceae, Empetraceae, Epacridaceae)
Actinidiaceae
Clethraceae
Cyrillaceae
Fouquieriaceae
Styracaceae
Symplocaceae
Ternstroemiaceae
Theophrastaceae
EUASTERIDS I
Garryales
Solanales
Solanaceae (includes Nolanaceae)
Anemopaegma,
Brugmansia,
Calystegia,
Capsicum,
Cestrum,
Convolvulus,
Cyphomandra,
Ipomoea,
Lysopersicon,
Nicotiana,
Solanum
Convolvulaceae (includes Cuscutaceae)
Boraginaceae (includes Hydrophyllaceae, in part; Lennoaceae [placement uncertain])
Hydroleaceae
Apocynaceae (includes Asclepiadaceae)
Allamanda,
Apocynum,
Asclepias,
Calotropis,
Carissa,
Cascabella,
Catharanthellus,
Hoya,
Leptadenia,
Nerium,
Pachypodium,
Plumeria,
Tabernaemontana,
Vinca
Gelsemiaceae
Loganiaceae
Gesneriaceae
Plantaginaceae (or Veronicaceae) (includes Callitrichaceae, Scrophulariaceae in part)
Digitalis,
Erinus,
Euphrasia,
Linaria,
Mimulus,
Paulownia,
Pedicularis,
Rhinanthus,
Scrophularia,
Veronica
Orobanchaceae (includes Scrophulariaceae, parasitic species)
Acanthaceae (includes Mendonciaceae)
Acanthus,
Aphelandra,
Asystasia,
Avicennia,
Barleria,
Brillantaisia,
Justicia,
Pachystachys,
Strobilanthes,
Thunbergia
Lamiaceae (includes many genera typically treated as Verbenaceae)
Clinopodium,
Coleus,
Glechoma,
Hyptis,
Lamiastrum,
Lamium,
Lavandula,
Mentha,
Nepeta,
Origanum,
Perilla,
Plectranthus,
Prunella,
Rosmarinus,
Salvia,
Stachys,
Tectona,
Teucrium,
Thymus
Avicenniaceae (probably in Acanthaceae)
Buddlejaceae
Calceolariaceae
Myoporaceae
EUASTERIDS II
Aquifoliales
Helwingiaceae
Apiaceae (includes Araliaceae, Hydrocotylaceae)
Angelica,
Anthriscus,
Apium,
Astrantia,
Bolax,
Bunium,
Coriandrum,
Cuminum,
Daucus,
Eryngium,
Foeniculum,
Hedera,
Heracleum,
Isatis,
Levisticum,
Ligusticum,
Myrrhis,
Sanicula
Pittosporaceae
Campanulaceae (includes Lobeliaceae)
Achillea,
Ageratum,
Anaphallis,
Arctium,
Aster,
Bellis,
Bidens,
Boltonia,
Carlina,
Centaurea,
Chromolaena,
Chrysanthemum,
Cichorium,
Cirsium,
Cosmos,
Cotula,
Cynara,
Dahlia,
Dimorphotheca,
Dipsacus,
Doronicum,
Echinacea,
Echinops,
Eumorphia,
Eupatorium,
Felicia,
Helichrysum,
Hypochaeris,
Matricaria,
Osteospermum,
Parthenium,
Petasites,
Picris,
Pilosella,
Rudbeckia,
Santolina,
Senecio,
Solidago,
Sonchus,
Tanacetum,
Taraxacum,
Telanthophora,
Tripleurospermum,
Tussilago
Calyceraceae
Goodeniaceae
Menyanthaceae
Stylidiaceae
Orders (alphabetical)
Arecales
Alismatales
Apiales
Asparagales
Asterales
Caryophyllales
Ericales
Fabales
Gentianales
Geraniales
Lamiales
Liliales
Malvales
Myrtales
Poales
Ranunculales
Rosales
Sapindales
Saxifragales
Solanales
Zingiberales
Families (alphabetical)
Araceae (Alismatales)
Aizoaceae (Caryophyllales)
Apiaceae (Apiales)
Arecaceae (Palmae) (Arecales)
Asteraceae (Asterales)
Betulaceae (Fagales)
Boraginaceae (unplaced euasterid I)
Cactaceae (Caryophyllales)
Ericaceae (Ericales)
Fabaceae (Fabales)
Fagaceae (Fagales)
Geraniaceae (Geraniales)
Hyacinthaceae (Asparagales)
Iridaceae (Asparagales)
Lamiaceae (Lamiales)
Liliaceae (Liliales)
Malvaceae (Malvales)
Plantaginaceae (Lamiales)
Poaceae (Poales)
Polygonaceae (Caryophyllales)
Ranunculaceae (Ranunculales)
Rosaceae (Rosales)
Rubiaceae (Gentianales)
Sapindaceae (Sapindales)
Solanaceae (Solanales)
Arecales
Alismatales
Apiales
Asparagales
Asterales
Caryophyllales
Ericales
Fabales
Gentianales
Geraniales
Lamiales
Liliales
Malvales
Myrtales
Poales
Ranunculales
Rosales
Sapindales
Saxifragales
Solanales
Zingiberales
Families (alphabetical)
Araceae (Alismatales)
Aizoaceae (Caryophyllales)
Apiaceae (Apiales)
Arecaceae (Palmae) (Arecales)
Asteraceae (Asterales)
Betulaceae (Fagales)
Boraginaceae (unplaced euasterid I)
Cactaceae (Caryophyllales)
Ericaceae (Ericales)
Fabaceae (Fabales)
Fagaceae (Fagales)
Geraniaceae (Geraniales)
Hyacinthaceae (Asparagales)
Iridaceae (Asparagales)
Lamiaceae (Lamiales)
Liliaceae (Liliales)
Malvaceae (Malvales)
Plantaginaceae (Lamiales)
Poaceae (Poales)
Polygonaceae (Caryophyllales)
Ranunculaceae (Ranunculales)
Rosaceae (Rosales)
Rubiaceae (Gentianales)
Sapindaceae (Sapindales)
Solanaceae (Solanales)
- Source of systematic hierarchy: "Plant Systematics - A Phylogenetic Approach (2nd edition), Judd et al., 2002", a system that closely follows the taxonomy in APG II. Taxa in quotes are considered by Judd et al. as non-monophyletic.
- Some of the flowering plant orders and families listed above link to a corresponding set on our Flickr pages, while some link to a search of our Flickr pages for the corresponding taxon. (The alphabetical lists only include orders and families that link to a corresponding set on Flickr.
- Some genera and species are placed in an order set but not in a family set and vice versa; some genera and species are not placed in either set.
- Current family for genera obtained mainly via GRIN (which follows the APG II system), but some genera are listed under more than one family to represent alternative and / or earlier taxonomies. Also note that links that do searches on our Flickr pages may produce results that differ from the taxon placement in APG II because we've listed alternative (non-APG II) taxonomic assignments for the taxon for informational purposes.
- Species determinations from botanical garden labels, personal research by me (Stephen Buchan) and various Flickr contacts.
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Green Light Systems Ltd
| Copyright © 2014 Green Light Systems Ltd. All rights reserved.